quenched steel - перевод на арабский
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quenched steel - перевод на арабский

NEGLECTING THE FERMION DETERMINANT IN LATTICE CALCULATIONS
Quenched QED; Quenched QCD

quenched steel      
فولاذ مسقى
quenched steel      
فُوْلضذٌ مُسقى
quenched steel      
‎ فُولاَذٌ مُسْقَى‎

Определение

Steeling
The deposition of iron on copper plates by electrolysis. In electrotyping a thin deposit of iron is thus given the relief plates before printing from them. The deposit is very hard and exceedingly thin, so that it does not interfere with the perfection of the impression in the printing process. As the iron becomes worn it can be dissolved off with hydrochloric acid, which does not dissolve the copper, and a new deposit can be given it. Thus the plate may last for an indefinite number of impressions. The iron bath may be prepared by immersing in a solution of ammonium chloride, two plates of iron, connected as anode and kathode in a circuit. One plate dissolves while hydrogen is given off from the other. The solution thus produced is used for a bath. The hardness of the deposit, which is really pure iron, gives the name of "steeling." Synonym--Acierage.

Википедия

Quenched approximation

In lattice field theory, the quenched approximation is an approximation often used in lattice gauge theory in which the quantum loops of fermions in Feynman diagrams are neglected. Equivalently, the corresponding one-loop determinants are set to one. This approximation is often forced upon the physicists because the calculation with the Grassmann numbers is computationally very difficult in lattice gauge theory.

In particular, quenched QED is QED without dynamical electrons, and quenched QCD is QCD without dynamical quarks.

Recent calculations typically avoid the quenched approximation.